Germany SdKfz 251/21 Ausf D 3 x 2cm Flak SP AA (Hanomag)

World War 2 Tank and Gun Database

The SdKfz 251/21 Ausf D 3 x 2cm Flak SP AA was a Self Propelled Anti Aircraft vehicle designed in 1943, manufactured by Hanomag Borgward, it was based on the half track SdKfz 251 Ausf D chassis and was in use from 1943 to 1945. It was commonly called a Hanomag.

General Details (SP Anti Aircraft)

Specifications
Operational Date(s)	1943 - 1945
Ordnance classification	SdKfz 251/21
Quantity Produced	0
Weight	8 tonne
Crew	5
M.G's small	n/a
M.G's large(>10mm)	n/a
Length	5.85 mtr
Width	2.12 mtr
Height	2.34 mtr
Engine Details/Performance
Max Road Speed	33 mph
Max Cross Country Speed	16 mph
Range Road	188 miles
Range Cross Country	94 miles
Fuel Type	Petrol
Fuel Capacity	unknown
Horse Power	100 hp
Power/Weight	12 hp/tonne

General Information

The SdKfz 251/21 Ausf D 3 x 2cm Flak SP AA was a Self Propelled Anti Aircraft vehicle designed in 1943, manufactured by Hanomag Borgward, it was based on the half track SdKfz 251 Ausf D chassis and was in use from 1943 to 1945. It was commonly called a Hanomag.

The vehicle was powered by Maybach 'HL-42' petrol powerplant producing 100 HP which could drive the vehicle on roads at up to 33 mph with a range of about 188 miles before refuelling. Its cross country performance was good providing a max speed of about 16 mph and a range of about 94 miles.

Its main armament consisted of a 2.0cm Flak 38 L/112.5 weighing 0.132 kg and with a maximum range of 2,000 metres.

The vehicles could carry 10 panzer grenadiers in a small arms and shrapnel protected space. The model D superceeded the A,B and C models by simplifying the vehicle to speed up production.

Armour Details

Turret
Front	n/a
Side	n/a
Rear	n/a
Top	n/a

Superstructure
Front		10mm	@	33°	(12mm)
Side		8mm	@	35°	(10mm)
Rear		8mm	@	33°	(10mm)
Top	n/a

Hull
Front	15mm	@	22°	(16mm)
Side	8mm	@	35°	(10mm)
Rear	8mm	@	33°	(10mm)
Top	6mm	@	90°	(6mm)

Armour (x)mm @ (y)° (Effective mm @ 0°)

Effective Armour - Maximum 16 mm - Minimum 6 mm


2.0cm Flak 38 L/112.5 2.0cm Flugabwehrkanone 38 L/112.5 (translates as Anti Aircraft Gun)

	History
	Originally developed for the Luftwaffe to replace the slower firing 2cm Flak 30, this became the main low level Anti Aicraft gun in the German Forces. The Flakvierling was a four barreled version that had a rate of fire of 1680 rounds per minute and was mounted on a variety of vehicles.
	Manufacturer	Mauser-Werke
	Manufactured	1940 - 1945
	Calibre	20mm
	Length	L/112
	Rate of Fire	420 rpm

Ammunition Details
Name/Id	Calibre Weight MVelocity					Explosive Content
2.0cm PzGr 39 (AP Armor Piercing)	20mm 0.12Kg 899M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 23mm @ 100mtr/30° ( ? 26mm/0?)
Range(Mtr)	100	200	400	800	1200	1600	2000	2400
Flight Time(Secs)	0.11	0.22	0.45	0.89	1.34	1.78
Penetration(mm@30°)	35	32	29	24	20	16
Penetration(mm@0°)	41	38	34	29	24	19
Hit Probability(%)	74	74	74	70	62	52

Range(Mtr)	100	200	400	800	1200	1600
2.0cm PzGr 40 (APCR Armor Piercing Composite Rigid)	20mm 0.115Kg 1060M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 40mm @ 100mtr/0°
Flight Time(Secs)	0.09	0.19	0.38	0.75	1.13	1.51
Penetration(mm@30°)	40	37	34	29	25	20
Penetration(mm@0°)	46	43	39	34	29	24
Hit Probability(%)	74	74	74	72	67	59

Range(Mtr)	500	1000	1500	2000	2500	3000	3500	4000
2 cm Sprgr. 39 (HE High Explosive)	20mm 0.132Kg 995M/Sec					0.006Kg explosive
Maximum Range 2000 Mtr
Flight Time(Secs)	0.6	1.37	2.28	3.29	4.36	5.46	6.56	7.66
lateral dispersion means the side to side variation of the shell from the aiming point
50%(CEP) of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.13	0.27	0.40	0.53	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
80% of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.17	0.35	0.51	0.68
95% of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.25	0.53	0.78	1.04
range dispersion means the back to front variation of the shell from the aiming point
50%(CEP) of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.17	0.33	0.50	0.67
80% of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.22	0.42	0.64	0.86
95% of shells land within +/- (mtr)	0.33	0.65	0.98	1.31
Direct Fire
Range(Mtr)	100	200	400	800	1200	1600	2000
Flight Time(Secs)	0.11	0.22	0.48	1.11	1.85	2.68	3.54
Hit Probability(%)	74	74	74	67	52	28	11
Blast/Fragmentation Effects
Burst radius Infantry in open 99% kill	0 mtr	Burst radius Infantry in open 66% kill						0 mtr
Burst radius Infantry in open 33% kill	1 mtr	Armour Penetration inc roof at 1 mtr						0 mm
An explosion within 0 mtr of infantry in the open will cause > 66% casualties and could damage some AFV's.
An explosion within 1 mtr of infantry in the open will cause 33% casualties.
The blast effect of this shell exploding within 1 mtr of an armoured vehicle will not cause any significant armour damage.

About Penetration Figures

All penetration figures in this database are calculated to a common standard based on German WWII testing criteria (complete penetration with functioning fuze). This allows direct comparison between all nations' guns.

Original national test figures would be higher for some nations due to different criteria:

German: 1.00? (baseline - strictest)
British: 1.02? (slightly looser)
American: 1.05? (50% mass through plate)
Soviet: 1.10? (75% mass through plate)

For example, a Soviet gun showing 159mm here would be published as ~175mm in Soviet documents, and a German gun showing 120mm would be published as 120mm in German documents. The 159mm figure is directly comparable to the German 120mm - the Soviet gun really was more powerful.

National Testing Standards
German:	1.00? - Complete penetration, fuze functions (strictest)
British:	1.02? - Complete penetration
American:	1.05? - 50% of shell mass through plate
Soviet:	1.10? - 75% of shell mass through plate
All database figures are normalized to German standard for direct comparison. Multiply by the factor above to see original national test figures.

Hit probability is based on a static 2 x 2.4 metre panel at 0 degrees(vertical) at the range specified.

The data that has been used to create these records has come from Wikipedia, The Lone Sentry, The Bundes Archive and numerous books and websites that have provided the detailed information that has not been available anywhere else. The information we use to calculate the penetration tables, flight times and the hit probability comes from the Gun Calibre, the Shell Mass(Kg) and the muzzle velocity, plus range reductions to allow for gravity and wind resistance. This calculation originally came from a pre-war Krupp calculation which has been modified, and seems to fit the actual test results.